the rounds

orbis, is (nom. orbs, Ven. Carm. 8, 5. — Abl. regul. orbe;

but orbi,

Lucr. 5, 74:

ex orbi,

Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16; Rutil. ap. Charis. p. 112 P.: orbi terrae, in the meaning in the world, Cic. Sest. 30, 66; so,

orbi terrarum,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82 Halm; id. Dom. 10, 24; id. Fragm. ap. Charis. p. 112 P.), m. [etym. dub.; perh. akin to Sanscr. dhvar, bend, twist], any thing of a circular shape, a ring, round surface, disk, hoop, orbit, orb, a circle (class.; cf.: circus, circulus, gyrus, spira).

Lit.:

in orbem torquere,

Cic. Univ. 7:

curvare aliquid in orbem,

Ov. M. 2, 715:

certumque equitavit in orbem,

id. ib. 12, 468.—Of a ring:

et digitum justo commodus orbe teras,

fit exactly, Ov. Am. 2, 15, 6:

unionum,

roundness, Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113.—Of a circle formed by men:

ut in orbem consisterent,

place themselves in a circle, form a circle, Caes. B. G. 5, 33:

cum illi, orbe facto, se defenderent,

id. ib. 4, 37:

orbem volventes suos increpans,

Liv. 4, 28:

in orbem pugnare,

id. 28, 22, 15:

in orbem sese stantibus equis defendere,

id. 28, 33, 15: stella (phaethôn) eundem duodecim signorum orbem annis duodecim conficit, the zodiac, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52:

lacteus,

the Milky Way, id. Rep. 6, 16, 16.—Of the orbit of a heavenly body:

sidera circulos suos orbesque conficiunt,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15.—Of a serpent, the windings, coils:

immensis orbibus angues Incumbunt pelago,

Verg. A. 2, 204.—Of a circular surface or disk:

orbis mensae,

a round table-top, Ov. H. 17, 87; cf. Juv. 11, 122.—Also, simply orbes, a round table, Mart. 2, 43; Juv. 1, 137.—Of a quoit or discus:

ictus ab orbe,

Ov. Ib. 590.—Of the scale of a balance:

instabilis natat alterno depressior orbe,

Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of a mirror:

addidit et nitidum sacratis crinibus orbem,

Mart. 9, 18, 5.—Of a shield:

illa (hasta) per orbem Aere cavum triplici... Transiit,

Verg. A. 10, 783; Petr. 89.—Of a mosaic pavement of rounded pieces [p. 1276] of marble, Juv. 11, 175.—Of a scale, one side of a balance, Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of the millstones of an oil-mill, Cato, R. R. 22.—Of the wooden disk placed over olives in pressing them, Cato, R. R. 18.—Of the hoop or tire of a wheel:

rotarum orbes circumacti,

Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52.—Of the wheel itself:

undaque jam tergo ferratos sustinet orbes,

Verg. G. 3, 361.—Hence, the wheel of fortune, Tib. 1, 5, 70; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 7; id. P. 2, 3, 56.—Of the socket of the eye:

inanem luminis orbem,

Ov. M. 14, 200.—Of the eye itself:

gemino lumen ab orbe venit,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 16:

ardentes oculorum orbes ad moenia torsit,

Verg. A. 12, 670.—Of the sun's disk or orb:

lucidus orbis,

Verg. G. 1, 459.—Of the moon's disk or orb:

quater junctis implevit cornibus orbem Luna, quater plenum tenuata retexuit orbem,

Ov. M. 7, 530.—Of the circle of the world, the world, the universe:

Juppiter arce suā totum cum spectet in orbem,

Ov. F. 1, 85:

renatus,

the new-born day, Sil. 5, 56: terrarum or terrae, the circle or orb of the earth, the world (since the ancients regarded the earth as a circular plane or disk):

permittitur infinita potestas orbis terrarum,

Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 33:

ager Campanus orbis terrae pulcherrimus,

id. ib. 2, 28, 76; id. Sest. 30, 66:

cunctus ob Italiam terrarum clauditur orbis?

Verg. A. 1, 233; cf. id. ib. 7, 224.—Also, simply orbis (so mostly poet.):

hic, ubi nunc Roma est orbis caput, arbor et herbae,

Ov. F. 5, 93:

unus,

Juv. 10, 168; 4, 148:

universus,

Vulg. Luc. 2, 1; id. Apoc. 12, 9.—Hence, a country, region, territory:

Eoo dives ab orbe redit,

the East, Ov. F. 3, 466:

Assyrius,

Juv. 2, 108:

noster,

Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 45.— A kind of fish, Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 14 Sillig; cf. Isid. Orig. 12, 6, 6.—

Trop., a circle.

Of things that return at a certain period of time, a rotation, round, circuit:

ut idem in singulos annos orbis volveretur,

Liv. 3, 10:

insigne regium in orbem per omnes iret,

in rotation, id. 3, 36:

orbis hic in re publicā est conversus,

the circle of political changes, Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1.—

Orbis doctrinae, an encyclopœdia: orbis ille doctrinae quam Graeci enkuklion paideian vocant, Quint. 1, 10, 1.—

Of speech, a rounding off, roundness, rotundity:

circuitum, et quasi orbem verborum conficere,

Cic. de Or. 3, 51, 198:

orationis,

id. Or. 71, 234:

historia non tam finitos numeros quam orbem quendam contextumque desiderat,

Quint. 9, 4, 129.—

A circle or cycle of thought:

sententiae Pyrrhonis in hunc orbem quem circumscripsimus, incidere non possunt,

Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 23; cf.:

circa vilem patulumque orbem,

Hor. A. P. 132.—

Esp.: in orbem ire, to go the rounds, go around:

quinque dierum spatio finiebatur imperium ac per omnes in orbem ibant,

in turn, Liv. 1, 17, 6; 3, 36, 3.

indŭo, ŭi, ūtum, ĕre, v. a. [cf. Gr. enduô], to put on an article of dress or ornament (class.).

Lit.:

Herculi tunicam,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 8, 20:

sibi torquem,

id. Fin. 2, 22, 73:

galeam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 21:

zmaragdos et sardonychas,

Plin. 37, 6, 23, § 85:

anulum,

Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38:

alicui insignia Bacchi,

Ov. M. 6, 598.— Pass., with a Gr. acc.:

Androgei galeam clipeique insigne decorum Induitur,

Verg. A. 2, 392:

et eamst (sc. vestem) indutus?

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 40: scalas, to place a ladder on one ' s shoulders by putting one ' s head between the rounds, Ov. M. 14, 650: se in aliquid, or with the dat., to fall into or upon, to be entangled in, be covered with, adorned with; with in and acc.:

se in laqueum,

Plaut. Cas. 1, 25:

cum venti se in nubem induerint,

Cic. Div. 2, 19, 44: cum se nux plurima silvis induet in florem, clothe or deck itself, Verg. G. 1, 188; cf.:

quos induerat Circe in vultus ac terga ferarum,

i. e. clothed with the forms of, id. A. 7, 20.—With abl.:

se vallis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 73:

se hastis,

Liv. 44, 41, 9:

pomis se arbos induit,

decks itself with, Verg. G. 4, 143:

vites se induunt uvis,

Col. 4, 24, 12:

cinis induit urbes,

covers, envelops, Val. Fl. 4, 509:

Aegyptus... tantis segetibus induebantur,

Plin. Pan. 30:

num majore fructu vitis se induerit?

Anthol. Lat. 5, 69, 5 Burm.:

foliis sese induit arbor,

Ov. M. 7, 280.—

Trop., to put on, assume:

habes somnum imaginem mortis eamque quotidie induis,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:

ponit enim personam amici, cum induit judicis,

assumes the part of a judge, id. Off. 3, 10, 43:

juvenis longe alius ingenio, quam cujus simulationem induerat,

Liv. 1, 56, 7:

sibi cognomen,

Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73:

et illorum (mortuorum regum) sibi nomina quasi personas aliquas induerunt,

Lact. 2, 16, 3:

magnum animum,

Tac. A. 11, 7:

mores Persarum,

Curt. 6, 6:

munia ducis,

Tac. A. 1, 69:

falsos pavores,

id. H. 4, 38:

hostiles spiritus,

id. ib. 4, 57:

habitus ac voces dolentum,

id. A. 4, 12:

seditionem,

to engage in, id. ib. 2, 15:

societatem,

id. ib. 12, 13:

proditorem et hostem,

to assume the part of traitor and enemy, id. ib. 16, 28:

diversa,

to assume different opinions, take different sides, id. ib. 6, 33:

personis fictam orationem,

to attribute, Quint. 4, 1, 28:

et eloquentiam pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus,

impose upon, Petr. S. 4:

sua confessione induatur ac juguletur, necesse est,

entangle himself, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 64, § 166:

videte, in quot se laqueos induerit, quorum ex nullo se umquam expediet,

id. ib. 2, 2, 42, §

102: se in captiones,

id. Div. 2, 17, 41:

non se purgavit, sed indicavit atque induit,

id. Mur. 25, 51.

circĭtor (or circuĭtor, Petr. 53, 10), ōris, m. [for circumitor, from circumeo, lit. one who goes around, hence],

A watchman (of gardens. buildings, etc.;

postclass.),

Auct. Priap. 16, 1, Front. Aquaed. 117; Petr. 1 1.—

In milit. lang., plur., those who go the rounds and visit the posts of sentinels, patrols, Veg. Mil. 3, 8; Hier. Ep. 61, n. 7.— Sing. ' CIRCITOR, Inscr. Murat. 540, 2.—

A pedler, Dig. 14, 3, 5, § 4.

circŭm-ĕo or circŭĕŏ (v. circum, III.; Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 736 sq.), īvi or ii, circuĭtum, īre ( inf. pass. circumirier, Plaut. Curc. 3, 81), v. n. and a.

Prop., to go around, travel or march around, etc. (class.): sparsis Medea capillis Bacchantum ritu flagrantes circuit aras, Ov. M. 7, 258:

per hortum circuit,

makes a circuit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 152; cf. Nep. Eum. 9, 2:

si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint, circumire cogemur,

Quint. 2, 13, 16: an quasi mare omnes circumimus insulas? i. e. from one to another (cf. circum, II. C.), Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 6:

alvearia,

Col. 9, 9:

fines equis,

id. 1, 3:

praedia,

Cic. Caecin. 32, 94:

haec una opera circuit per familias,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 53:

qui imperavit ei, ut omnes fores aedificii circumiret,

Nep. Hann. 12, 4:

urbem,

Liv. 23, 25, 2:

Marcio et Atilio Epirus, Aetolia et Thessalia circumeundae assignantur... Lentuli circumeuntes Peloponnesi oppida, etc.,

id. 42, 37, 3 and 7:

haud ignarus erat circuitam ab Romanis eam (Hispaniam) legatis,

id. 21, 22, 1:

Civilis avia Belgarum circumibat,

Tac. H. 4, 70:

manibus nexis trunci modum,

to surround, Ov. M. 8, 748:

non potuere uno anno circumirier,

Plaut. Curc. 3, 81:

proximis insulis circuitis,

Suet. Aug. 98:

equites circumitis hostium castris Crasso renuntiaverunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 25:

circuitis templis,

Suet. Ner. 19 al.:

at pater omnipotens ingentia moenia caeli Circuit,

Ov. M. 2, 402:

circueunt unum Phineus et mille secuti Phinea,

surround, id. ib. 5, 157 (cf. circum, II. E.): Leucada continuam veteres habuere coloni;

nunc freta circumeunt,

flow around it, id. ib. 15, 290:

more lupi oves,

id. P. 1, 2, 20:

metam ferventi rotā,

avoids, id. A. A. 3, 396.—

Esp.

To surround, encircle, enclose, encompass.

Esp. in milit. lang.:

totam urbem muro turribusque circumiri posse,

Caes. B. C. 2, 16:

aciem, sinistrum cornu,

id. ib. 3, 93 sq.:

multitudine circumiri,

Nep. Them. 3, 2; id. Dat. 7, 3; Liv. 41, 26, 4; Gall. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4:

ab iisdem acies Pompeiana a sinistrā parte erat circumita,

Caes. B. C. 3, 94.—

In gen., absol.:

quae circumibit linea, ejusdem spatii erit, cujus ea quae centum continet,

Quint. 1, 10, 44.—With acc.:

extremas oleis pacalibus oras (Pallas),

Ov. M. 6, 101:

cujus non hederae circumiere caput,

Prop. 2 (3), 5, 26.—

To go from one to another, soliciting, canvassing, admonishing, etc., qs. to go the rounds (stronger than ambire, which signif. to go to this one and that; most freq. after the Aug. per.;

in Cic. perh. only once, in his epistt.): itaque prenso amicos, supplico, ambio domos stationesque circumeo,

Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 5:

(Antonium) circumire veteranos, ut acta Caesaris sancirent,

Cic. Att. 14, 21, 2; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 2:

Quinctilius circumire aciem Curionis atque obsecrare milites coepit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 28:

sed ipse Romulus circumibat docebatque,

Liv. 1, 9, 14; 1, 47, 7; 3, 47, 2:

ille Persarum tabernacula circumire, hortari,

Curt. 5, 9, 17; Tac. A. 2, 29; Plin. Pan. 69, 2; Suet. Aug. 56; id. Tib. 11:

rex agmen circuibat pedes,

Curt. 7, 3, 17; cf.:

cui orbem terrarum circumire non erit longum meā causā,

Plin. Ep. 7, 16, 4; 2, 9, 5.—

Trop.

To surround, enclose:

totius belli fluctibus circumiri,

Cic. Phil. 18, 9, 20:

ne superante numero et peritiā locorum circumiretur,

Tac. Agr. 25 fin.; Stat. S. 4, 4, 26.—

Like our circumvent, to deceive, impose upon, cheat, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 109:

facinus indignum, Sic circumiri,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 9:

puerum arte dolosā,

Mart. 8, 59, 14.—

Of discourse, to express by circumlocution (postAug.):

res plurimae carent appellationibus, ut eas necesse sit transferre aut circumire,

Quint. 12, 10, 34; 8, prooem. § 24 Spald.;

8, 2, 17: Vespasiani nomen suspensi et vitabundi circumibant,

went around, avoided mentioning it, Tac. H. 3, 37.

scāla, ae (acc. to the ancient grammarians, not used in sing.; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, §§ 63 and 68; 10, § 54 Müll.; Quint. 1, 5, 16 Spald.; Charis. p. 20 P. p. 72 ib.; Diom. p. 315 ib. al.; but v. infra), f. [for scandla, from scando; cf. mala, from mando], mostly plur.: scālae, ārum, a flight of steps or stairs, a staircase; a ladder, scaling-ladder.

Lit.:

scalas dare alicui utendas,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 10: scalarum gradus, the rounds of a ladder, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3: Romani scalis summă nituntur opum vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.); Caes. B. G. 5, 43:

scalas ponere,

to fix, id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 40:

scalas admovere,

id. ib. 3, 63; 3, 80; Cic. Mil. 15, 40; id. Phil. 2, 9, 121:

murum scalis aggredi,

Sall. J. 57, 4; 60, 7; Verg. A. 9, 507; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 15 et saep.:

scalis habito tribus et altis,

up three flights of stairs, Mart. 1, 118, 7.—

In partic.: Scalae Gemoniae, v. Gemoniae.—

Poet., transf., steps:

haec per ducentas cum domum tulit scalas,

Mart. 7, 20, 20.—

Sing. (post-class.).

In gen., a ladder:

scalam commodare ad ascendendum,

Dig. 47, 2, 55 (54), § 4; cf. Aquil. Rom. p. 181 Ruhnk.—

Esp.

Scala gallinaria, a hen-roost, i. e. a crossbar of like form, used for reducing a dislocated shoulder, Cels. 8, 15 med. —

Of Jacob ' s ladder, seen in his dream, Vulg. Gen. 28, 12; Hier. Ep. 3, § 4; 108, § 13.

scāla, ae (acc. to the ancient grammarians, not used in sing.; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, §§ 63 and 68; 10, § 54 Müll.; Quint. 1, 5, 16 Spald.; Charis. p. 20 P. p. 72 ib.; Diom. p. 315 ib. al.; but v. infra), f. [for scandla, from scando; cf. mala, from mando], mostly plur.: scālae, ārum, a flight of steps or stairs, a staircase; a ladder, scaling-ladder.

Lit.:

scalas dare alicui utendas,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 10: scalarum gradus, the rounds of a ladder, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 3: Romani scalis summă nituntur opum vi, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 168 Vahl.); Caes. B. G. 5, 43:

scalas ponere,

to fix, id. B. C. 1, 28; 3, 40:

scalas admovere,

id. ib. 3, 63; 3, 80; Cic. Mil. 15, 40; id. Phil. 2, 9, 121:

murum scalis aggredi,

Sall. J. 57, 4; 60, 7; Verg. A. 9, 507; Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 15 et saep.:

scalis habito tribus et altis,

up three flights of stairs, Mart. 1, 118, 7.—

In partic.: Scalae Gemoniae, v. Gemoniae.—

Poet., transf., steps:

haec per ducentas cum domum tulit scalas,

Mart. 7, 20, 20.—

Sing. (post-class.).

In gen., a ladder:

scalam commodare ad ascendendum,

Dig. 47, 2, 55 (54), § 4; cf. Aquil. Rom. p. 181 Ruhnk.—

Esp.

Scala gallinaria, a hen-roost, i. e. a crossbar of like form, used for reducing a dislocated shoulder, Cels. 8, 15 med. —

Of Jacob ' s ladder, seen in his dream, Vulg. Gen. 28, 12; Hier. Ep. 3, § 4; 108, § 13.

circŭĭtĭo ( circŭmĭtĭo, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40; 2, 61, 127; Liv. 3, 6, 9; Front. de Or. 3; Amm. 24, 2, 2), ōnis, f. [circumeo].

A going round; in milit. lang., the rounds: circuitio ac cura (vigiliarum) aedilium plebei erat. Liv. 3, 6, 9.—

A circuit: muni mentum fluminis circumitione vallatum, Amm 24, 2, 2.—

Trop., a circuitous mode, a circumlocution. ita aperte ipsam rem modo locutus, nil circuitione usus es, [p. 335] Ter. And. 1, 2, 31:

quid opus est circumitione et anfractu?

Cic. Div. 2, 61, 127, cf. Auct. Her. 4, 32, 43: Epicurus circuitione quādam ( in an indirect manner) deos tollens, Cic. Div. 2, 17, 40.—

Meton. (abstr. pro concr.), a place for going round something, a way, passage, corridor, Vitr. 4, 4; 6, 3; 10, 19.—

A circumference, compass, Vitr. 1, 5; 2, 10.